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1. American Bible Society, On Woyakapi
- Creator:
- Dickinson, S. W.
- Date Created:
- 1880 - 1890
- Description:
- This short tract in the Dakota language describes the American Bible Society, founded in 1816. The Santee Normal Training School instructed Dakota children in the Dakota language. These children came from families who were removed from Minnesota to Nebraska after the U.S.-Dakota War in 1863. Reverend A.L. Riggs founded the school in 1870 as an academy to train Native teachers. The school developed a printing press in 1871 and produced many materials in the Dakota language.
- Contributing Institution:
- Synod of Lakes and Prairies, Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.)
- Type:
- Text
- Format:
- Pamphlets
2. Students from the White Earth Indian Reservation attending St. Benedict's Industrial School, St. Joseph, Minnesota
- Creator:
- Saint John's Abbey (SJA), Collegeville, Minnesota
- Date Created:
- 1884 - 1886
- Description:
- St. Benedict's Industrial School was established in 1884 when St. Benedict's Convent contracted with the U.S. government, through the Catholic Indian Bureau, for support of 30 girls from the White Earth Indian Reservation (White Earth Band of Ojibwe). Since St. Benedict's Convent had sent sisters to teach at the White Earth mission in 1878, recruitment contacts could easily be made. However, the parents were reluctant to have their daughters leave home and the children did not take to the rigors and formalities of institutional life and education. As a result of the resistance of the Ojibwe, most of the students who came from the reservation were of not fully native but of mixed white and Indian blood. Thus, the sisters inadvertently became a part of the suppressive system which disregarded the spirit and culture of the American Indians. "The federal government, aided by church-sponsored missionaries, marched steadily toward its goal of assimilation for Indians. The drive was particularly strong between the 1880s and the 1930s. Their aim was detribalization, individualization and 'Americanization' of the American Indian." (Berg, p. 159) In the boarding schools, students, taken from their homes, were given a new wardrobe, new language and a whole new way of life. It is not surprising that before the turn of the century the government rescinded the contract system. But it has taken almost another century and the experience of assimilating peoples of different cultures for the American people to begin to appreciate the enrichment that multicultural living can offer. (SBMA, McDonald, pages 120-122 and Sister Carol Berg, OSB, "Agents of Cultural Change: the Benedictines in White Earth," Minnesota History, winter 1982, page 159).
- Contributing Institution:
- Saint Benedict's Monastery
- Type:
- Still Image
- Format:
- Black-and-white photographs
3. Wicoie Wowapi, Wowapi Pehanpi Kin (The Word Book Wall Roll)
- Creator:
- Riggs, Alfred L.
- Date Created:
- 1870 - 1933
- Description:
- A classroom instruction tool, this 24 page wall scroll uses images, alphabet letters, words and phrases in the Dakota language to teach math functions and reading. This item was designed to hang on the classroom wall.
- Contributing Institution:
- Synod of Lakes and Prairies, Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.)
- Type:
- Text
- Format:
- Instructional materials
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