Margaret "Sweet Pea" Big George, storyteller, accomplished jingle dress dancer, Big Island First Nations, Ojibwe elder is speaking Ojibwe, her first language, in an interview for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. Ms. Big George states: When we were let to, we always spoke the language.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Magee-Macoons (Robert Strong), enrolled Bois Forte elder is speaking Ojibwe, his first language, in an interview for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. Mr. Strong addresses the importance of the Ojibwe language and its survival for the younger generation. He tells a story in Ojibwe.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Wilf Cyr, Northwest Bay Canada Ojibwe elder is speaking Ojibwe, his first language, in an interview for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Waagosh (Anton Treuer), Bemidji State University Professor of Languages and Ethnic Studies, Indian Studies, and Director of American Indian Resource Center, an enrolled member of the Leech Lake Ojibwe, is speaking Ojibwe in an interview for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. Dr. Treuer stated: "Approximately ten years ago I did not know how to speak Indian. But now when I lay down to sleep in the evening I dream in Indian."
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Waagosh (Anton Treuer), Bemidji State University Professor of Languages and Ethnic Studies, Indian Studies, and Director of American Indian Resource Center, an enrolled member of the Leech Lake Ojibwe, is speaking Ojibwe in an interview for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. Dr. Treuer stated: "Approximately ten years ago I did not know how to speak Indian. But now when I lay down to sleep in the evening I dream in Indian."
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Amikogaabowiikwe (Julie Shingobe), college graduate, chemical dependency counselor, member of the Grand Medicine Society/Midewiwin, and enrolled Mille Lacs elder is speaking Ojibwe, her first language, in an interview for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. Ms. Shingobe speaks of her birth and what she was taught. She remembered: "We were terrified of the nuns, we did not want to be there."
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Jim Bedeau, Leech Lake Ojibwe elder who lives in Onigum, is speaking Ojibwe, his first language, in an interview for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. He tells a story in Ojibwe about vision and how to live a life from a baby forward. He speaks about teaching the children.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Albert Churchill, ceremonial drum keeper, spiritual leader and Midewiwin member, Mille Lacs Ojibwe elder is speaking Ojibwe, his first language, in an interview for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. He states: I like our language; I like to sit and talk, and I like to sit and listen.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Keller Papp, Red Cliff Ojibwe is speaking Ojibwe in an interview for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. Keller Paap studies linguistics. He states: First of all, I make a tobacco offering to the spirits every day. It has only been five years since I started learning to speak Anishinaabemowin.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Gi Mi Wun (Raining Boyd), army veteran, truck driver retiring in 1978, singer and member of the drum society and Mille Lacs Ojibwe elder is speaking Ojibwe, his first language, in an interview for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. Mr. Boyd states: As an Indian being helped from the spirits, there is an the understanding of what is being talked about by the Indian.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Enrolled Leech Lake elder Anangookwe (Marlene Stately) is speaking Ojibwe, her first language (transcribed by Nancy Jones), in an interview for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. She has worked at the Arrowhead Community College, teaching Ojibwe language and at Niigane Immersion Schoo, and Bug O Nay Ge Shing School. She states, "Our children come first, so that they can listen to the way we speak."
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Bawdwaywidun (Eddie Benton-Benai) was active in the American Indian Movement (AIM), is a member of the Midewiwin Lodge, Lac Courte Oreilles Ojibwe elder, speaking Ojibwe, his first language, in an interview for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Bawdwaywidun (Eddie Benton-Benai) was active in the American Indian Movement (AIM), is a member of the Midewiwin Lodge, Lac Courte Oreilles Ojibwe elder, speaking Ojibwe, his first language, in an interview for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Bawdwaywidun (Eddie Benton-Benai) was active in the American Indian Movement (AIM), is a member of the Midewiwin Lodge, Lac Courte Oreilles Ojibwe elder, speaking Ojibwe, his first language, in an interview for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. He speaks about his birth, name, and family but also history and culture.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Mille Lacs Ojibwe elder Naawigiizis (Jim Clark) is speaking Ojibwe, his first language, in an interview for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. He worked for Fairview Hospital in Minneapolis from 1953, in purchasing and into a warehouse firm distributing to hospitals. Mr. Clark states about the Spirit: I wonder if he will listen to us when we are speaking a different language, when we use the white man's language.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
George Dick, Red Lake Ojibwe elder is speaking Ojibwe, his first language, in an interview for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. Mr. Dick states: Don't ever make fun of anybody - don't - and don't ever forget anybody.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Makoons (Ole Nickaboine) Educator of Ojibwe Language and Culture grades 4 through 12 at Nay Ah Shing School on the Mille Lacs reservation, Mille Lacs Ojibwe elders speaking Ojibwe,his first language, in interviews for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. He speaks about teaching children and teaching them the Ojibwe language.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Makoons (Oliver Benjamin) and Zhaawanigiizhigookwe (Millie Benjamin), educator of Ojibwe Language and Culture grades 4 through 12 at Nay Ah Shing School on the Mille Lacs reservation, are speaking Ojibwe, their first language, in interviews for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. Mrs. Benjamin tells a story in Ojibwe about Wenaboozhoo; Nanabozho and why it is important for children to speak the language and to continue it. Mr. Benjamin speaks about his background and teaching the children.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Delores "Dee" Bainbridge educator at Northland College and Bad River Tribal School, Bad River Ojibwe elder, is speaking Ojibwe, her first language, in an interview for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. She explains the complexities of Ojibwe with examples and recites the Lord's Prayer in Ojibwe.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Dan Jones, Rainy River Ojibwe and Ojibwe language instructor at Fond du Lac Tribal and Community College, is speaking Ojibwe, his first language, in an interview for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. He speaks about people's confusion over terms like Ojiwe, Chippewa and Anishinaabe.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Dan Jones, Rainy River Ojibwe and Ojibwe language instructor at Fond du Lac Tribal and Community College, is speaking Ojibwe, his first language, in an interview for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. Mr. Jones is an educator. He states: I really encourage my students, I say, "You know, you can decide for yourself what you want to do and what you want to learn."
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Amik O'Gaabaw (Larry Smallwood), director of language and culture for the Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe and enrolled Mille Lacs elder is speaking Ojibwe, his first language, in an interview (transcribed by Daniel Jones) for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. Mr. Smallwood is often asked to tell stories in Ojibwe. He begins with, ""We have teachings that tell us about the different seasons.""
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
This watercolor drawing depicts "Eagle Water," a strong Chippewa man with an eagle crown. In the background another eagle soars above the shoreline with a fish clutched in its claws. This is one print in a series created for the Freshwater Society in Excelsior, Minnesota, donated to the Westonka Historical Society, one of a limited edition created in 1981-1985.
This watercolor drawing depicts "Bear Woman," a strong Chippewa woman with a bear crown. In the background another bear wades toward the reeds and the shoreline. This is one print in a series created for the Freshwater Society in Excelsior, Minnesota, donated to the Westonka Historical Society; one of a limited edition created in 1981-1985.
American Indians from Cass Lake gather near the shore of Lake Superior. The Aerial Lift Bridge and the High Bridge are visible in the background. Built in 1961, the High Bridge was renamed for Congressman John A. Blatnik in 1971. The photographer, Elizabeth Jo Goodsell, was a Duluth community activist and a physical education teacher at Duluth East High School. She lived on Minnesota Point and was an avid photographer.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth, Kathryn A. Martin Library, Northeast Minnesota Historical Collections
Some sources say the community was named for Tom Penasse, an American Indian from the area, who may be the man pictured. The sign reads, "United States Post Office Penasse Minnesota, The Most Northerly P.O. in U.S.A." Penasse, Minnesota is located in the northern part of Minnesota's Northwest Angle in Lake of the Woods County.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth, Kathryn A. Martin Library, Northeast Minnesota Historical Collections
Headdress placed on Mr. Hellstrom at a pow wow at the American Swedish Institute. Inscription on front of photo reads, "The Chippewa honorary chief, 'The Lone Eagle C. F. Hellstrom'. "
Hand-drawn map shows location of residences and owner names, churches, National Monument, school, trading post, and ranger station in community of Grand Portage, Minnesota.
This image shows the rock that marks the site of the signing of the Treaty of Traverse des Sioux in 1851. Members of the St. Peter D. A. R. arranged for the rock to be brought to the site. With an attached plaque, the rock was dedicated in 1914. A log cabin is shown to the east of the rock. This postcard negative, marked 459, has been converted to a digital positive image.
This image shows the marker and the log cabin that were located at the site of the signing of the 1851 Treaty of Travere des Sioux, north of St. Peter. The cabin, brought from the C. J. Edoff farm, was dedicated in 1931. This postcard negative, marked 1449, has been converted to a digital positive image.
In 1949, Sister Laura Hesch oversaw the clearing of the ground in preparation for the construction of the Little Flower Mission Church at the Mille Lacs Indian Reservation (Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe). The building was built the following year under the supervison of the Crosier Fathers of Onamia.
Leone Aronson, a resident in the Rice Creek and Long Lake area of New Brighton, collected these Indian arrowheads through her childhood. A large Indian village is believed to have been located at the location prior to the Revolutionary War.
In 1944, a small center for Sister Laura Hesch's mission work was built at Mille Lacs Indian Reservation (Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe). She called it Little Flower Inn.
This report covers topics relating to U.S. government relations with Native peoples focusing on the 1930s. Topics covered include: Indian wardship, treaty provisions, and citizenship.
Contributing Institution:
Synod of Lakes and Prairies, Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.)
Sister Laura Hesch gathered her first group of about 40 Ojibwe children for formal worship at the John Bugg home in October, 1942 at the Mille Lacs Indian Reservation (Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe).
Portrait of Elmer M. Eaton, oldest survivor from the Maine Prairie Fort. This event is also referred to as the Sioux Uprising and the Dakota Conflict of 1862.
Sister Laura Hesch had a way with children at the Mille Lacs Indian Reservation (Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe). She often treated them with a lunch when she taught them.
Until Sister Laura Hesch was given a larger mission center for her activities Mille Lacs Indian Reservation (Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe), she met with Ojibwe children wherever she found them.
In return for her hospitality, Sister Laura Hesch is invited by an Ojibwe woman to share a meal at the Mille Lacs Indian Reservation (Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe).
Sister Laura Hesch, OSB, visited Ojibwe in many of their activities, such as making maple syrup at the Mille Lacs Indian Reservation (Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe).
Hand-colored map of Grand Portage Reservation and Pigeon Point showing Indian allotments, tribal land, non-Indian owners, existing main roads, proposed main roads, and contemplated extension (northwest corner) of reservation boundary line as agreed with U.S. Forest Service.