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1. Interview with George Budd (1915-2009), St. Cloud State University Oral History Collection, St. Cloud, Minnesota

Creator:
St. Cloud State University
Date Created:
1981-07-28
Description:
In an oral history conducted by St. Cloud State University Professor of History Calvin (Cal) Gower on July 28, 1981, George Budd discussed his family history and educational background. Born in 1915 in Oswego, New York, Budd talked about pursuing an education during the Great Depression, as well as his family's reaction to his decision to teach. Budd delayed college for three years after high school and then attended the Oswego Normal School. After graduation, Budd taught for three years before moving to Buffalo, New York, to earn his bachelor's degree. Budd served in the Air Force during World War II, which made it possible for him to earn a master's and doctorate degrees at Columbia University. This led him to administrative positions at Washington State and in Oneonta, New York. He also in detailed the process by which he pursued the St. Cloud State presidency, a post he served from 1952 to 1965. Budd left in 1965 to become the president of Pittsburg State University in Kansas. Budd felt that he was unprepared for the St. Cloud State presidency, not really knowing what to expect. He discussed the tremendous growth in population, both in St. Cloud itself as well as at the university, and its affect on his administration. Budd provided a detailed account of how the change from a teacher's college to a state university transformed the campus, leading to new buildings, a complete makeover of the curriculum, and the growth in community involvement. Budd tackled a variety of other topics, from the change in student demeanor and activity throughout his years as president, from those accomplishments he is most proud of, including the establishment of a summer theatre and the Alexandria-St. Cloud State College Performing Arts Foundation, and of the importance of the Alumni Foundation. He also talked about the idea that this was a period of tremendous growth throughout the country, and he simply tried to help St. Cloud State adapt to growing needs and desires of students who did not want to be teachers.
Contributing Institution:
St. Cloud State University
Type:
Sound Recording Nonmusical
Format:
Oral histories

2. Interview with Louis Filippi (1920-2012), St. Cloud State University Oral History Collection, St. Cloud, Minnesota

Creator:
St. Cloud State University
Date Created:
1982-04-06
Description:
In an oral history conducted by St. Cloud State University Professor of History Calvin (Cal) Gower on April 6, 1982, Louis Filippi described how his parents came from Italy before World War I and settled Keewatin, a town in Minnesota's Iron Range. Born in 1920, Filippi discussed life in the Iron Range and the camaraderie that he formed with other children whose parents also came from Europe. Filippi discussed his motivations for attending St. Cloud State after graduating from high school in 1939, including that two of his favorite hockey goalies, Frank Brimsek and Sam LoPresti, attended the university. Filippi chronicled his time at St. Cloud State, especially the teachers he particularly admired, such as Roland Torgerson and George Lynch. Filippi mentioned that he lived with other Iron Range men throughout his college career and that they tended to stick together. Filippi played football, baseball, basketball, and track. He also discussed the effects that events such as the Great Depression and World War II had on his college career. Filippi described his impressions of St. Cloud State. He discussed the socioeconomic backgrounds of most of the students, believing that most were of lower-income families. Filippi claimed that most of the students he knew were eager to have jobs while going to school. He also discussed the "esprit de corps" among the students, claiming that they had an immense pride in the school and were involved in supporting the school at most functions. Filippi felt the community was supportive of the university, but not strong and adamant supporters of its activities. After graduation from St. Cloud State in 1943, Filippi entered the service, despite having a contract with the Philadelphia Eagles to play football. When he finally returned from overseas in 1946, he opted out of his contract with the Eagles and moved to Little Falls, Minnesota, to work as a coach and teacher and as an NCAA referee.
Contributing Institution:
St. Cloud State University
Type:
Sound Recording Nonmusical
Format:
Oral histories

3. Interview with Vernon Leitch, St. Cloud State University Oral History Collection, St. Cloud, Minnesota

Creator:
St. Cloud State University
Date Created:
1982-03-25
Description:
In an oral history conducted by St. Cloud State University Professor of History Calvin (Cal) Gower on March 25, 1982, Vernon Leitch described his college education (receiving degrees at Moorhead State University, Bowling Green State University, and the University of Northern Colorado) and early involvement in working with the Inter-Faculty Organization (IFO). He stated that he was a member of teaching unions while he taught high school in Barrett and Hibbing, Minnesota, but was not active. He discussed why he became involved with the IFO, explaining the reason for pursuing a connection with the Minnesota Education Association (MEA) and how people's opinions of that connection changed. Leitch described the work he did for the IFO-MEA, claiming that it took a great deal of time, work, and effort. In addition, Leitch expressed his thoughts on what made the campaign a success. Leitch chronicled his involvement with the IFO-MEA after the successful campaign. He served as president for a few years for the union and described the goals he tried to accomplish while in that position. He claimed that being the first president was difficult. Leitch felt that since every decision that was made could set a precedent, resulting in a very cautious and somewhat conservative approach. He also discussed the MEA and their involvement in collective bargaining at SCSU after the election. Leitch discussed what he believes to be the successes of the IFO-MEA, along with some concerns he has for the future. He felt that after the victory, there was much less complaining about difference in salaries. However, he stated that the IFO-MEA has not been as involved in campus policy-making as he would have liked. Leitch was optimistic about the future of collective bargaining, as long as faculty stay involved, and not leaving the responsibility to a handful of individuals.
Contributing Institution:
St. Cloud State University
Type:
Sound Recording Nonmusical
Format:
Oral histories

4. The Normalia, 1899-03

Creator:
Normal School at St. Cloud
Date Created:
1899-03
Description:
Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. This issue is devoted to graduates, students, and friends in Manila for the Spanish-American War; "A Hot Time for Minnesota," a war song sung in Manila; "The Battle of Manila: By One Who was There," a first hand account of experiences in Manila, including battles; "The Products and Industries of the Philippines"; "Life in Camp Dewey" and "An Episode in a Singer’s Life."
Contributing Institution:
St. Cloud State University
Type:
Text
Format:
Booklets

5. The Normalia, 1899-04

Creator:
Normal School at St. Cloud
Date Created:
1899-04
Description:
Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "The Present American Problem," "A Fable" poem, "The Patronymic Tribe and Folk," "School Discipline," and a continuation of "An Episode in a Singer’s Life."
Contributing Institution:
St. Cloud State University
Type:
Text
Format:
Booklets

6. The Normalia, 1899-05

Creator:
Normal School at St. Cloud
Date Created:
1899-05
Description:
Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "Fatigue Test in the Model School, Conducted by the Child-Study class," "Autobiography of Goethe," "Madame Dudevant" and other biographies, "Universal Traits of Childhood Shown in Pierre Loti’s ‘Romance of a Child’," and "A Reminiscence"; "The Great Debate: St. Cloud-Duluth."
Contributing Institution:
St. Cloud State University
Type:
Text
Format:
Booklets

7. The Normalia, 1899-12

Creator:
Normal School at St. Cloud
Date Created:
1899-12
Description:
Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "North-Aryan and South-Aryan," "The Bamboo Christmas Tree," and "The Town that was Sold."
Contributing Institution:
St. Cloud State University
Type:
Text
Format:
Booklets

8. The Normalia, 1899-10

Creator:
Normal School at St. Cloud
Date Created:
1899-10
Description:
Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "War and Character," continuation of "Literature in the Model," "De Psychologiae Pretio," "Do We Think in Images?," and "Physical Education."
Contributing Institution:
St. Cloud State University
Type:
Text
Format:
Booklets

9. The Normalia, 1899-09

Creator:
Normal School at St. Cloud
Date Created:
1899-09
Description:
Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "Literature in the Model" written by students in the Model School, "School has Begun," and "The American Doctrine."
Contributing Institution:
St. Cloud State University
Type:
Text
Format:
Booklets

10. The Normalia, 1900-01

Creator:
Normal School at St. Cloud
Date Created:
1900-01
Description:
Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "Advantages and Disadvantages of the Rural School to the Practice Teacher," "Teachers' Salaries in Rural Schools," "Educational Advantages of the Country Child," continuation of "The Town that was Sold," "Boer and Briton," "A Logging Camp in Minnesota," and "H.W. Longfellow."
Contributing Institution:
St. Cloud State University
Type:
Text
Format:
Booklets

11. The Normalia, 1899-11

Creator:
Normal School at St. Cloud
Date Created:
1899-11
Description:
Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. This issue contains articles written about the Spanish-American War and the Philippines from students, alum, friends of SCSU including "Street Fighting in Tondo," "The Battle of Tondo," "The Battle of Marquina Valley," "A Letter from a Soldier," "From an Ex-Soldier," and "The Dewey Celebration."
Contributing Institution:
St. Cloud State University
Type:
Text
Format:
Booklets

12. The Normalia, 1900-02

Creator:
Normal School at St. Cloud
Date Created:
1900-02
Description:
Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "Hospitality," "Some Sentences from a Teacher's Observation Book," "Underneath Italian Skies," "Teacher Study," "Two Souls," and "An Evening's Sport" detailing a wrestling exhibition and basketball game held on January 27.
Contributing Institution:
St. Cloud State University
Type:
Text
Format:
Booklets

13. The Normalia, 1900-03

Creator:
Normal School at St. Cloud
Date Created:
1900-03
Description:
Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "Harold Fairhaired: A History Story for the Sixth Grade," "Our New Pictures," "Music," and "My School."
Contributing Institution:
St. Cloud State University
Type:
Text
Format:
Booklets

14. The Normalia, 1900-04

Creator:
Normal School at St. Cloud
Date Created:
1900-04
Description:
Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "The Relation of Nature Study to Other Subjects," "Notes on Mrs. Burbank’s Lectures," "Life and Anecdotes of the Country School Boy," and "The Story of King Lear."
Contributing Institution:
St. Cloud State University
Type:
Text
Format:
Booklets

15. The Normalia, 1900-05

Creator:
Normal School at St. Cloud
Date Created:
1900-05
Description:
Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "Fragments of an Autobiography," "That Last Hour," "A Study of Children’s Interest in Stories," "A Study of Interests in Literature," "The Graduate’s Revery," "Class Song," "The Transvaal War," "Mental Associations," and "Habitual Postures of Children in the School Room."
Contributing Institution:
St. Cloud State University
Type:
Text
Format:
Booklets

16. The Normalia, 1900-11

Creator:
Normal School at St. Cloud
Date Created:
1900-11
Description:
Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "Autumn Song," "Communal Life Among Insects," "Lesson Plan," "Perception and Its Cultivation," "Two Pictures of Caesar" written by Isabel Shoemaker, "A Day’s Outing," "A Border Knight," "Robin Hood’s Adventure with the Miller," "A Plea for Music," and "Protective Devices of Plants."
Contributing Institution:
St. Cloud State University
Type:
Text
Format:
Booklets

17. The Normalia, 1898-12

Creator:
Normal School at St. Cloud
Date Created:
1898-12
Description:
Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "Benefits of Physical Culture," "Liquids and their Forms," "Depend on Thyself," "Greece," "Some Elements of Education," "New Years Day," and "The Christmas Star."
Contributing Institution:
St. Cloud State University
Type:
Text
Format:
Booklets

18. The Normalia, 1901-01

Creator:
Normal School at St. Cloud
Date Created:
1901-01
Description:
Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "The Nineteenth Century," "A Note on Education," "The Moon Maiden," "A Christmas in 1852" written by Jessie Burrall, "A Fire in the Country," "Only a Newsboy," "Aleen’s Decision," "A Charity Christmas Tree," and "The Outcome of the Watch Party."
Contributing Institution:
St. Cloud State University
Type:
Text
Format:
Booklets

19. The Normalia, 1901-03

Creator:
Normal School at St. Cloud
Date Created:
1901-03
Description:
Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles in the issue "were selected from papers handed in as regular work of the classes" such as "The Moulton Lecture," "Fruit-Jar Aquariums," as we;; as several papers from training school pupils like "School Hygiene" Also included is a report of the visit of the finance and normal school committees from the state of Minnesota legislature, a report from a visit to campus by the state normal school board, as well as updates from the 1900/01 hockey and basketball teams, including a ‘ladies’ team.
Contributing Institution:
St. Cloud State University
Type:
Text
Format:
Booklets

20. The Normalia, 1901-11

Creator:
Normal School at St. Cloud
Date Created:
1901-11
Description:
Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Writers announced that Normalia issues for the year will be "devoted to the practical work of the grades, as carried out in the practice department of the Normal School, including articles devoted to the first through third grades: "The Child to be Trained," "Hints on Basketry and Raffia Work," "My Favorite Songs for School," and "Pictures and Casts for the First, Second and Third Grades."
Contributing Institution:
St. Cloud State University
Type:
Text
Format:
Booklets

21. The Normalia, 1902-01

Creator:
Normal School at St. Cloud
Date Created:
1902-01
Description:
Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "The Child from Ten to Fourteen," The Best Books for the Boy and Girl from Ten to Fourteen Years of Age," "Manual Training for the Lower Grades," and Outline of Work for Intermediate Grades."
Contributing Institution:
St. Cloud State University
Type:
Text
Format:
Booklets

22. The Normalia, 1901-05

Creator:
Normal School at St. Cloud
Date Created:
1901-05
Description:
Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Contents include: "Plan of the New Building" [Old Model School], "The Kindergarten Department," "Additions to the Library," notes from the department of biology and physical laboratory, a description of the schools Pan-American exhibit, as well as a description of images recently acquired by the school – all of art from other areas on earth. Images include of St. Cloud State president George Kleeberger, Senator R.B. Brower, Mississippi River from near Old Main, St. Cloud quarry, and women outside of Lawrence Hall (1885) "taking out-door physical culture."
Contributing Institution:
St. Cloud State University
Type:
Text
Format:
Booklets

23. The Normalia, 1902-05

Creator:
Normal School at St. Cloud
Date Created:
1902-05
Description:
Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "The Cost of Manual Training," "The Purpose of Teaching Geography and Nature Study," "Books for Seventh and Eighth Grades in Geography and Nature Study," "Outline of Mathematics for Seventh and Eighth Grades," "The Recitation," and "Book Lists for Geography."
Contributing Institution:
St. Cloud State University
Type:
Text
Format:
Booklets

24. The Normalia, 1902-03

Creator:
Normal School at St. Cloud
Date Created:
1902-03
Description:
Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "Boys and Girls of Seventh and Eighth Grades," "Manual Training for the Upper Grades," "An Outline of Grammar for the Seventh and Eighth Grades," and "Outline of History, Related Literature and Reading."
Contributing Institution:
St. Cloud State University
Type:
Text
Format:
Booklets

25. The Normalia, 1902-12

Creator:
Normal School at St. Cloud
Date Created:
1902-12
Description:
Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "Reverie"; "Christ-Time," "The Story of a Christmas Story," "In After Years," and "Christmas Songs."
Contributing Institution:
St. Cloud State University
Type:
Text
Format:
Booklets
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