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1. Interview with Vernon Leitch, St. Cloud State University Oral History Collection, St. Cloud, Minnesota
- Creator:
- St. Cloud State University
- Date Created:
- 1982-03-25
- Description:
- In an oral history conducted by St. Cloud State University Professor of History Calvin (Cal) Gower on March 25, 1982, Vernon Leitch described his college education (receiving degrees at Moorhead State University, Bowling Green State University, and the University of Northern Colorado) and early involvement in working with the Inter-Faculty Organization (IFO). He stated that he was a member of teaching unions while he taught high school in Barrett and Hibbing, Minnesota, but was not active. He discussed why he became involved with the IFO, explaining the reason for pursuing a connection with the Minnesota Education Association (MEA) and how people's opinions of that connection changed. Leitch described the work he did for the IFO-MEA, claiming that it took a great deal of time, work, and effort. In addition, Leitch expressed his thoughts on what made the campaign a success. Leitch chronicled his involvement with the IFO-MEA after the successful campaign. He served as president for a few years for the union and described the goals he tried to accomplish while in that position. He claimed that being the first president was difficult. Leitch felt that since every decision that was made could set a precedent, resulting in a very cautious and somewhat conservative approach. He also discussed the MEA and their involvement in collective bargaining at SCSU after the election. Leitch discussed what he believes to be the successes of the IFO-MEA, along with some concerns he has for the future. He felt that after the victory, there was much less complaining about difference in salaries. However, he stated that the IFO-MEA has not been as involved in campus policy-making as he would have liked. Leitch was optimistic about the future of collective bargaining, as long as faculty stay involved, and not leaving the responsibility to a handful of individuals.
- Contributing Institution:
- St. Cloud State University
- Type:
- Sound Recording Nonmusical
- Format:
- Oral histories
2. Interview with Louis Filippi (1920-2012), St. Cloud State University Oral History Collection, St. Cloud, Minnesota
- Creator:
- St. Cloud State University
- Date Created:
- 1982-04-06
- Description:
- In an oral history conducted by St. Cloud State University Professor of History Calvin (Cal) Gower on April 6, 1982, Louis Filippi described how his parents came from Italy before World War I and settled Keewatin, a town in Minnesota's Iron Range. Born in 1920, Filippi discussed life in the Iron Range and the camaraderie that he formed with other children whose parents also came from Europe. Filippi discussed his motivations for attending St. Cloud State after graduating from high school in 1939, including that two of his favorite hockey goalies, Frank Brimsek and Sam LoPresti, attended the university. Filippi chronicled his time at St. Cloud State, especially the teachers he particularly admired, such as Roland Torgerson and George Lynch. Filippi mentioned that he lived with other Iron Range men throughout his college career and that they tended to stick together. Filippi played football, baseball, basketball, and track. He also discussed the effects that events such as the Great Depression and World War II had on his college career. Filippi described his impressions of St. Cloud State. He discussed the socioeconomic backgrounds of most of the students, believing that most were of lower-income families. Filippi claimed that most of the students he knew were eager to have jobs while going to school. He also discussed the "esprit de corps" among the students, claiming that they had an immense pride in the school and were involved in supporting the school at most functions. Filippi felt the community was supportive of the university, but not strong and adamant supporters of its activities. After graduation from St. Cloud State in 1943, Filippi entered the service, despite having a contract with the Philadelphia Eagles to play football. When he finally returned from overseas in 1946, he opted out of his contract with the Eagles and moved to Little Falls, Minnesota, to work as a coach and teacher and as an NCAA referee.
- Contributing Institution:
- St. Cloud State University
- Type:
- Sound Recording Nonmusical
- Format:
- Oral histories
3. Interview with George Budd (1915-2009), St. Cloud State University Oral History Collection, St. Cloud, Minnesota
- Creator:
- St. Cloud State University
- Date Created:
- 1981-07-28
- Description:
- In an oral history conducted by St. Cloud State University Professor of History Calvin (Cal) Gower on July 28, 1981, George Budd discussed his family history and educational background. Born in 1915 in Oswego, New York, Budd talked about pursuing an education during the Great Depression, as well as his family's reaction to his decision to teach. Budd delayed college for three years after high school and then attended the Oswego Normal School. After graduation, Budd taught for three years before moving to Buffalo, New York, to earn his bachelor's degree. Budd served in the Air Force during World War II, which made it possible for him to earn a master's and doctorate degrees at Columbia University. This led him to administrative positions at Washington State and in Oneonta, New York. He also in detailed the process by which he pursued the St. Cloud State presidency, a post he served from 1952 to 1965. Budd left in 1965 to become the president of Pittsburg State University in Kansas. Budd felt that he was unprepared for the St. Cloud State presidency, not really knowing what to expect. He discussed the tremendous growth in population, both in St. Cloud itself as well as at the university, and its affect on his administration. Budd provided a detailed account of how the change from a teacher's college to a state university transformed the campus, leading to new buildings, a complete makeover of the curriculum, and the growth in community involvement. Budd tackled a variety of other topics, from the change in student demeanor and activity throughout his years as president, from those accomplishments he is most proud of, including the establishment of a summer theatre and the Alexandria-St. Cloud State College Performing Arts Foundation, and of the importance of the Alumni Foundation. He also talked about the idea that this was a period of tremendous growth throughout the country, and he simply tried to help St. Cloud State adapt to growing needs and desires of students who did not want to be teachers.
- Contributing Institution:
- St. Cloud State University
- Type:
- Sound Recording Nonmusical
- Format:
- Oral histories
4. The St. Cloud Normalia
- Creator:
- Normal School at St. Cloud
- Date Created:
- 1892-04
- Description:
- Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "A Tale of Woe"; "A Teacher Defined," "Reproduction of the story of Joan of Arc."
- Contributing Institution:
- St. Cloud State University
- Type:
- Text
- Format:
- Booklets
5. The Normalia, 1892-06
- Creator:
- Normal School at St. Cloud
- Date Created:
- 1892-06
- Description:
- Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "The Culture Value of Geology" as well as focusing on the recent commencement, such as the commencement address and titles of student papers presented.
- Contributing Institution:
- St. Cloud State University
- Type:
- Text
- Format:
- Booklets
6. The Normalia, 1892-09
- Creator:
- Normal School at St. Cloud
- Date Created:
- 1892-09
- Description:
- Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "The Normal School," "Gleaning II."
- Contributing Institution:
- St. Cloud State University
- Type:
- Text
- Format:
- Booklets
7. The Normalia, 1892-10
- Creator:
- Normal School at St. Cloud
- Date Created:
- 1892-10
- Description:
- Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "Common School Reading--its Aim and a Hint at its Methods."
- Contributing Institution:
- St. Cloud State University
- Type:
- Text
- Format:
- Booklets
8. The Normalia, 1892-11
- Creator:
- Normal School at St. Cloud
- Date Created:
- 1892-11
- Description:
- Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "What Shall Children Read?" and a reprint of a recent letter from Ira Moore, first St. Cloud State president.
- Contributing Institution:
- St. Cloud State University
- Type:
- Text
- Format:
- Booklets
9. The Normalia, 1893-01
- Creator:
- Normal School at St. Cloud
- Date Created:
- 1893-01
- Description:
- Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "Training Pupils to Observe."
- Contributing Institution:
- St. Cloud State University
- Type:
- Text
- Format:
- Booklets
10. The Normalia, 1892-12
- Creator:
- Normal School at St. Cloud
- Date Created:
- 1892-12
- Description:
- Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "Sex in Education."
- Contributing Institution:
- St. Cloud State University
- Type:
- Text
- Format:
- Booklets
11. The Normalia, 1893-03
- Creator:
- Normal School at St. Cloud
- Date Created:
- 1893-03
- Description:
- Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Includes an essay about a recent visit to Washington, DC, by F.E. Mitchell.
- Contributing Institution:
- St. Cloud State University
- Type:
- Text
- Format:
- Booklets
12. The Normalia, 1893-02
- Creator:
- Normal School at St. Cloud
- Date Created:
- 1893-02
- Description:
- Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "The Text-Book of History," as well as a report on state legislators visiting campus and city inspectors inspecting the new wing of the Old Main building.
- Contributing Institution:
- St. Cloud State University
- Type:
- Text
- Format:
- Booklets
13. The Normalia, 1893-04
- Creator:
- Normal School at St. Cloud
- Date Created:
- 1893-04
- Description:
- Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State
- Contributing Institution:
- St. Cloud State University
- Type:
- Text
- Format:
- Booklets
14. The Normalia, 1893-05
- Creator:
- Normal School at St. Cloud
- Date Created:
- 1893-05
- Description:
- Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State
- Contributing Institution:
- St. Cloud State University
- Type:
- Text
- Format:
- Booklets
15. The Normalia, 1893-06
- Creator:
- Normal School at St. Cloud
- Date Created:
- 1893-06
- Description:
- Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. The entire issue is nearly deveoted to the 1893 commencement.
- Contributing Institution:
- St. Cloud State University
- Type:
- Text
- Format:
- Booklets
16. The Normalia, 1893-10
- Creator:
- Normal School at St. Cloud
- Date Created:
- 1893-10
- Description:
- Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "Kindergarten Idea in Education."
- Contributing Institution:
- St. Cloud State University
- Type:
- Text
- Format:
- Booklets
17. The Normalia, 1893-09
- Creator:
- Normal School at St. Cloud
- Date Created:
- 1893-09
- Description:
- Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include “Analysis of Milton’s ‘Comus’," and “Emerson’s Essay on ‘Behavior’."
- Contributing Institution:
- St. Cloud State University
- Type:
- Text
- Format:
- Booklets
18. The Normalia, 1893-11
- Creator:
- Normal School at St. Cloud
- Date Created:
- 1893-11
- Description:
- Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "Bearing of the Special Senses Up on the Work of the Teacher" and "Growth of Freedom in History."
- Contributing Institution:
- St. Cloud State University
- Type:
- Text
- Format:
- Booklets
19. The Normalia, 1894-01
- Creator:
- Normal School at St. Cloud
- Date Created:
- 1894-01
- Description:
- Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "Extracts Made from Observations of Practice Teachers upon Each Other" and "How the Mind is Governed" and an introduction to new faculty member James Wilgus.
- Contributing Institution:
- St. Cloud State University
- Type:
- Text
- Format:
- Booklets
20. The Normalia, 1893-12
- Creator:
- Normal School at St. Cloud
- Date Created:
- 1893-12
- Description:
- Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State
- Contributing Institution:
- St. Cloud State University
- Type:
- Text
- Format:
- Booklets
21. The Normalia, 1894-03
- Creator:
- Normal School at St. Cloud
- Date Created:
- 1894-03
- Description:
- Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "Normal School Graduates" and "Growth into Freedom."
- Contributing Institution:
- St. Cloud State University
- Type:
- Text
- Format:
- Booklets
22. The Normalia, 1894-05
- Creator:
- Normal School at St. Cloud
- Date Created:
- 1894-05
- Description:
- Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "The City Superintendent," a synopsis of speech given to the school by Superintendent of Schools in Little Falls, Minnesota, J.L. Thatcher.
- Contributing Institution:
- St. Cloud State University
- Type:
- Text
- Format:
- Booklets
23. The Normalia, 1894-04
- Creator:
- Normal School at St. Cloud
- Date Created:
- 1894-04
- Description:
- Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "Herbart and Pestalozzi Compared."
- Contributing Institution:
- St. Cloud State University
- Type:
- Text
- Format:
- Booklets
24. The Normalia, 1894-02
- Creator:
- Normal School at St. Cloud
- Date Created:
- 1894-02
- Description:
- Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "Thought Introductory to Methods in Arithmetic" and full-text of a speech by St. Cloud State president Joseph Carhart, given at the Unity Church for the St. Cloud Lecture Association on February 3, 1894, entitled "Idealism: With Some Practical Applications."
- Contributing Institution:
- St. Cloud State University
- Type:
- Text
- Format:
- Booklets
25. The Normalia, 1894-06
- Creator:
- Normal School at St. Cloud
- Date Created:
- 1894-06
- Description:
- Publication containing journal articles written by St. Cloud State faculty and students, covering a wide variety of topics mostly related to public education, as well as containing about alumni, students, faculty, and campus events related to St. Cloud State. Articles include "The Laboratory Method in the Language Studies," as well as highlights from commencement, news of the death of former St. Cloud State president Jerome Allen and the move of alum and former St. Cloud State president Thomas Gray to Chicago.
- Contributing Institution:
- St. Cloud State University
- Type:
- Text
- Format:
- Booklets