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451. Ojibwe homes along the lake visited by Sister Laura Hesch at Mille Lacs Indian Reservation, Minnesota

Date Created:
1930 - 1939
Description:
Ojibwe homes along the shores of Mille Lacs Lake at Mille Lacs Indian Reservation (Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe). Sister Laura Hesch made regular visits. Her outgoing personality soon won the trust of the people she came to be with as is evident by the fact that thirty two mothers came to the first Mothers' Party which she hosted.
Contributing Institution:
Saint Benedict's Monastery
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Black-and-white photographs

452. Sister Laura Hesch with an Ojibwe family at Mille Lacs Indian Reservation, Minnesota

Date Created:
1930 - 1939
Description:
Sister Laura Hesch with an Ojibwe family in front of a log cabin at the Mille Lacs Indian Reservation (Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe).
Contributing Institution:
Saint Benedict's Monastery
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Black-and-white photographs

453. Sister Laura Hesch with a 100-year-old Ojibwe woman at Mille Lacs Indian Reservation, Minnesota

Date Created:
1930 - 1939
Description:
Sister Laura Hesch befriended a 100-year-old Ojibwe woman who lived alone on the Mille Lacs Indian Reservation (Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe). It was through such relationships that she won the hearts of the Ojibwe.
Contributing Institution:
Saint Benedict's Monastery
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Black-and-white photographs

454. Sister Laura treating Ojibwe children at Mille Lacs Indian Reservation, Minnesota

Date Created:
1930 - 1939
Description:
Sister Laura made inroads into life of reservation by making friends with the Ojibwe children who loved the treats she brought when she visited Mille Lacs Indian Reservation (Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe).
Contributing Institution:
Saint Benedict's Monastery
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Black-and-white photographs

455. Map of Grand Portage, Minnesota Indian Reservation and Proposed Roads

Date Created:
1935 - 1945
Description:
Map clearly drawn to study the routes of proposed roadways. Large scale map from township 62 north on the west, Range 5 East and 6 East on the north and Lake Superior on the east. Shows Canada, the Pigeon River, reservation boundary, Mineral Center, roads and rivers. Hand-inked topographical details. Customs houses were noted where Highway 61 crossed the border (at the Pigeon River). Shows Swamp Lake and the Reservation River. Pencil notes were likely Ernest Oberholtzer's later marking route approved by U.S. Bureau of Roads.
Contributing Institution:
Ernest C. Oberholtzer Foundation
Type:
Cartographic
Format:
Transportation maps

456. Pipestone Indian Training School Te Ata's visit, Pipestone, Minnesota

Creator:
Fisher, Clyde
Date Created:
1935-07-06
Description:
Te Ata with young unidentified children at the Pipestone Indian Training School.
Contributing Institution:
Pipestone County Historical Society
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Black-and-white photographs

457. Pipestone Indian Training School, Te Ata's visit, Pipestone, Minnesota

Creator:
Fisher, Clyde
Date Created:
1935-07-06
Description:
Te Ata with young unidentified children at the Pipestone Indian Training School.
Contributing Institution:
Pipestone County Historical Society
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Black-and-white photographs

458. Pipestone Indian Training School, Te Ata's visit, Pipestone, Minnesota

Creator:
Fisher, Clyde
Date Created:
1935-07-06
Description:
Te Ata with young unidentified children at the Pipestone Indian Training School.
Contributing Institution:
Pipestone County Historical Society
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Black-and-white photographs

459. Traverse des Sioux Treaty site and log cabin, St. Peter, Minnesota

Date Created:
1935?
Description:
The old log cabin at the site of the signing of the Treaty of Traverse des Sioux in 1851 and the boulder that marks the exact location are shown in this postcard. The view looks toward the east.
Contributing Institution:
Nicollet County Historical Society
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Black-and-white photographs

460. Grand Portage Reservation and Pigeon Point, Grand Portage, Minnesota

Date Created:
1940 - 1944
Description:
Hand-colored map of Grand Portage Reservation and Pigeon Point showing Indian allotments, tribal land, non-Indian owners, existing main roads, proposed main roads, and contemplated extension (northwest corner) of reservation boundary line as agreed with U.S. Forest Service.
Contributing Institution:
Cook County Historical Society
Type:
Cartographic
Format:
Plats (maps)

461. Making maple syrup at Mille Lacs Indian Reservation, Minnesota

Date Created:
1940 - 1949
Description:
Sister Laura Hesch, OSB, visited Ojibwe in many of their activities, such as making maple syrup at the Mille Lacs Indian Reservation (Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe).
Contributing Institution:
Saint Benedict's Monastery
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Black-and-white photographs

462. Sister Laura Hesch, Order of St. Benedict, copes with the winters on the Mille Lacs Indian Reservation, Minnesota

Date Created:
1940 - 1949
Description:
Sister Laura Hesch, OSB, was not daunted by the winter challenges in her work on the Mille Lacs Indian Reservation (Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe).
Contributing Institution:
Saint Benedict's Monastery
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Black-and-white photographs

463. Sister Laura Hesch, Order of St. Benedict, invited to an Ojibwe meal at Mille Lacs Indian Reservation, Minnesota

Date Created:
1940 - 1949
Description:
In return for her hospitality, Sister Laura Hesch is invited by an Ojibwe woman to share a meal at the Mille Lacs Indian Reservation (Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe).
Contributing Institution:
Saint Benedict's Monastery
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Black-and-white photographs

464. Sister Laura Hesch, Order of St. Benedict, with Ojibwe children at Mille Lacs Indian Reservation, Minnesota

Date Created:
1940 - 1949
Description:
Until Sister Laura Hesch was given a larger mission center for her activities Mille Lacs Indian Reservation (Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe), she met with Ojibwe children wherever she found them.
Contributing Institution:
Saint Benedict's Monastery
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Black-and-white photographs

465. Sister Laura Hesch's class with Ojibwe children ends with a lunch at Mille Lacs Indian Reservation, Minnesota

Date Created:
1940 - 1949
Description:
Sister Laura Hesch had a way with children at the Mille Lacs Indian Reservation (Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe). She often treated them with a lunch when she taught them.
Contributing Institution:
Saint Benedict's Monastery
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Black-and-white photographs

466. Gathering wild rice, Detroit Lake, Minnesota

Date Created:
1940?
Description:
Two American Indians gathering wild rice in Detroit Lakes, Minnesota.
Contributing Institution:
Becker County Historical Society
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Postcards

467. Parade float with Chief Good Thunder, Good Thunder, Minnesota

Date Created:
1940?
Description:
Parade float with Chief Good Thunder.
Contributing Institution:
Blue Earth County Historical Society
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Black-and-white photographs

468. Portrait of Elmer A. Eaton, a survivor of the Dakota War of 1862, St. Cloud, Minnesota

Creator:
Hall, Myron, 1911-1996
Date Created:
1941-11-05
Description:
Portrait of Elmer M. Eaton, oldest survivor from the Maine Prairie Fort. This event is also referred to as the Sioux Uprising and the Dakota Conflict of 1862.
Contributing Institution:
Stearns History Museum
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Black-and-white photographs

469. Sister Laura Hesch and her first group of Ojibwe gathered for worship at Mille Lacs Indian Reservation, Minnesota

Date Created:
1942-10
Description:
Sister Laura Hesch gathered her first group of about 40 Ojibwe children for formal worship at the John Bugg home in October, 1942 at the Mille Lacs Indian Reservation (Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe).
Contributing Institution:
Saint Benedict's Monastery
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Color photographs

470. Indian Wardship

Date Created:
1943?
Description:
This report covers topics relating to U.S. government relations with Native peoples focusing on the 1930s. Topics covered include: Indian wardship, treaty provisions, and citizenship.
Contributing Institution:
Synod of Lakes and Prairies, Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.)
Type:
Text
Format:
Reports

471. Little Fower Inn at the Mille Lacs Indian Reservation, Minnesota

Date Created:
1944?
Description:
In 1944, a small center for Sister Laura Hesch's mission work was built at Mille Lacs Indian Reservation (Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe). She called it Little Flower Inn.
Contributing Institution:
Saint Benedict's Monastery
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Black-and-white photographs

472. Leone Aronson's arrowhead collection, New Brighton, Minnesota

Creator:
New Brighton Bulletin
Date Created:
1945
Description:
Leone Aronson, a resident in the Rice Creek and Long Lake area of New Brighton, collected these Indian arrowheads through her childhood. A large Indian village is believed to have been located at the location prior to the Revolutionary War.
Contributing Institution:
New Brighton Area Historical Society
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Black-and-white photographs

473. Preparing ground for a mission church at Mille Lacs Indian Reservation, Minnesota

Date Created:
1949
Description:
In 1949, Sister Laura Hesch oversaw the clearing of the ground in preparation for the construction of the Little Flower Mission Church at the Mille Lacs Indian Reservation (Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe). The building was built the following year under the supervison of the Crosier Fathers of Onamia.
Contributing Institution:
Saint Benedict's Monastery
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Black-and-white photographs

474. Traverse des Sioux Treaty site and log cabin, St. Peter, Minnesota

Date Created:
1949
Description:
This image shows the rock that marks the site of the signing of the Treaty of Traverse des Sioux in 1851. Members of the St. Peter D. A. R. arranged for the rock to be brought to the site. With an attached plaque, the rock was dedicated in 1914. A log cabin is shown to the east of the rock. This postcard negative, marked 459, has been converted to a digital positive image.
Contributing Institution:
Nicollet County Historical Society
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Negatives (photographic)

475. Traverse des Sioux Treaty site and log cabin, St. Peter, Minnesota

Date Created:
1949
Description:
This image shows the marker and the log cabin that were located at the site of the signing of the 1851 Treaty of Travere des Sioux, north of St. Peter. The cabin, brought from the C. J. Edoff farm, was dedicated in 1931. This postcard negative, marked 1449, has been converted to a digital positive image.
Contributing Institution:
Nicollet County Historical Society
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Negatives (photographic)

476. Dakota Conflict Monument at Lake Shetek, Shetek, Minnesota

Date Created:
1950
Description:
The Dakota Conflict Monument which honors those who lost their lives in the conflict on August 20, 1862.
Contributing Institution:
Murray County Historical Society
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Black-and-white photographs

477. Map of Grand Portage, Minnesota residences

Date Created:
1950
Description:
Hand-drawn map shows location of residences and owner names, churches, National Monument, school, trading post, and ranger station in community of Grand Portage, Minnesota.
Contributing Institution:
Cook County Historical Society
Type:
Cartographic
Format:
Maps

478. C. F. Hellstrom, Swedish consul in Minneapolis, made an honorary member of the Chippewa tribe by John L. Pemberton, right, chairman of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe and Council, Minneapolis, Minnesota

Date Created:
1955-12
Description:
Headdress placed on Mr. Hellstrom at a pow wow at the American Swedish Institute. Inscription on front of photo reads, "The Chippewa honorary chief, 'The Lone Eagle C. F. Hellstrom'. "
Contributing Institution:
American Swedish Institute
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Black-and-white photographs

479. Ojibwe man at Post Office entrance, Penasse, Minnesota

Date Created:
1958?
Description:
Some sources say the community was named for Tom Penasse, an American Indian from the area, who may be the man pictured. The sign reads, "United States Post Office Penasse Minnesota, The Most Northerly P.O. in U.S.A." Penasse, Minnesota is located in the northern part of Minnesota's Northwest Angle in Lake of the Woods County.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth, Kathryn A. Martin Library, Northeast Minnesota Historical Collections
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Black-and-white photographs

480. Aerial Lift Bridge: American Indians from Cass Lake, Duluth, Minnesota

Creator:
Goodsell, Elizabeth Jo, 1924-2006
Date Created:
1961-08-07
Description:
American Indians from Cass Lake gather near the shore of Lake Superior. The Aerial Lift Bridge and the High Bridge are visible in the background. Built in 1961, the High Bridge was renamed for Congressman John A. Blatnik in 1971. The photographer, Elizabeth Jo Goodsell, was a Duluth community activist and a physical education teacher at Duluth East High School. She lived on Minnesota Point and was an avid photographer.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth, Kathryn A. Martin Library, Northeast Minnesota Historical Collections
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Slides (photographs)

481. Maxin Big Bear and Francis (Butch) Norcross harvesting wild rice, Becker County, Minnesota

Date Created:
1967-10
Description:
Maxine Big Bear and her son Francis (Butch) Norcross harvesting wild rice.
Contributing Institution:
Becker County Historical Society
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Color photographs

482. M-A-Quah E-Quay or "Bear Woman"

Creator:
Ka Kay Geesick, Robert
Date Created:
1980 - 1985
Description:
This watercolor drawing depicts "Bear Woman," a strong Chippewa woman with a bear crown. In the background another bear wades toward the reeds and the shoreline. This is one print in a series created for the Freshwater Society in Excelsior, Minnesota, donated to the Westonka Historical Society; one of a limited edition created in 1981-1985.
Contributing Institution:
Lake Minnetonka Historical Society
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Paintings (visual works)

483. Kee-Neow, Nee-Bee or "Eagle Water"

Creator:
Ka Kay Geesick, Robert
Date Created:
1983
Description:
This watercolor drawing depicts "Eagle Water," a strong Chippewa man with an eagle crown. In the background another eagle soars above the shoreline with a fish clutched in its claws. This is one print in a series created for the Freshwater Society in Excelsior, Minnesota, donated to the Westonka Historical Society, one of a limited edition created in 1981-1985.
Contributing Institution:
Lake Minnetonka Historical Society
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Paintings (visual works)

484. Two people dance at pow wow, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, Minnesota

Date Created:
1994 - 1999
Description:
Two people dance at pow wow
Contributing Institution:
St. Cloud State University
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Slides (photographs)

485. Pow wow participants carry flags, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, Minnesota

Creator:
St. Cloud State University
Date Created:
1994-05
Description:
Pow wow participants carry flags.
Contributing Institution:
St. Cloud State University
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Negatives (photographic)

486. Two people dance at pow wow, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, Minnesota

Creator:
St. Cloud State University
Date Created:
1994-05
Description:
Two people dance at pow wow.
Contributing Institution:
St. Cloud State University
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Negatives (photographic)

487. American Indian Center, 827 4th Avenue South, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, Minnesota

Date Created:
1994-10
Description:
Exterior of the American Indian Center, 827 4th Avenue South, at St. Cloud State University.
Contributing Institution:
St. Cloud State University
Type:
Still Image
Format:
Color photographs

488. Waasa Inaabidaa: We Look In All Directions, Interview with Larry Smallwood, Mille Lacs, Minnesota

Creator:
Smallwood, Larry
Date Created:
1999-02-04
Description:
Amik O'Gaabaw (Larry Smallwood), director of language and culture for the Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe and enrolled Mille Lacs elder is speaking Ojibwe, his first language, in an interview (transcribed by Daniel Jones) for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. Mr. Smallwood is often asked to tell stories in Ojibwe. He begins with, ""We have teachings that tell us about the different seasons.""
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Type:
Moving Image
Format:
Oral histories

489. Waasa Inaabidaa: We Look In All Directions, Interview with Dan Jones, Fond du Lac, Minnesota

Creator:
Jones, Daniel
Date Created:
1999-02-09
Description:
Dan Jones, Rainy River Ojibwe and Ojibwe language instructor at Fond du Lac Tribal and Community College, is speaking Ojibwe, his first language, in an interview for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. He speaks about people's confusion over terms like Ojiwe, Chippewa and Anishinaabe.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Type:
Moving Image
Format:
Oral histories

490. Waasa Inaabidaa: We Look In All Directions, Interview with Dan Jones. Fond du Lac, Minnesota

Creator:
Jones, Daniel
Date Created:
1999-02-09
Description:
Dan Jones, Rainy River Ojibwe and Ojibwe language instructor at Fond du Lac Tribal and Community College, is speaking Ojibwe, his first language, in an interview for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. Mr. Jones is an educator. He states: I really encourage my students, I say, "You know, you can decide for yourself what you want to do and what you want to learn."
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Type:
Moving Image
Format:
Oral histories

491. Waasa Inaabidaa: We Look In All Directions, Interview with Dee Bainbridge, Ashland, Wisconsin

Creator:
Bainbridge, Delores Dee, 1931-2008
Date Created:
1999-02-11
Description:
Delores "Dee" Bainbridge educator at Northland College and Bad River Tribal School, Bad River Ojibwe elder, is speaking Ojibwe, her first language, in an interview for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. She explains the complexities of Ojibwe with examples and recites the Lord's Prayer in Ojibwe.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Type:
Moving Image
Format:
Oral histories

492. Waasa Inaabidaa: We Look In All Directions, Interview with Mildred and Oliver Benjamin, Onamia, Minnesota

Creator:
Benjamin, Mildred, 1945-2009; Benjamin, Oliver, 1928-2003
Date Created:
1999-02-19
Description:
Makoons (Oliver Benjamin) and Zhaawanigiizhigookwe (Millie Benjamin), educator of Ojibwe Language and Culture grades 4 through 12 at Nay Ah Shing School on the Mille Lacs reservation, are speaking Ojibwe, their first language, in interviews for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. Mrs. Benjamin tells a story in Ojibwe about Wenaboozhoo; Nanabozho and why it is important for children to speak the language and to continue it. Mr. Benjamin speaks about his background and teaching the children.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Type:
Moving Image
Format:
Oral histories

493. Waasa Inaabidaa: We Look In All Directions, Interview with Ole Nickaboine, Onamia, Minnesota

Creator:
Benjamin, Oliver, 1928-2003
Date Created:
1999-02-19
Description:
Makoons (Ole Nickaboine) Educator of Ojibwe Language and Culture grades 4 through 12 at Nay Ah Shing School on the Mille Lacs reservation, Mille Lacs Ojibwe elders speaking Ojibwe,his first language, in interviews for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. He speaks about teaching children and teaching them the Ojibwe language.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Type:
Moving Image
Format:
Oral histories

494. Waasa Inaabidaa: We Look In All Directions, Interview with George Dick, Cloquet, Minnesota

Creator:
Dick, George, 1943-2013
Date Created:
1999-03
Description:
George Dick, Red Lake Ojibwe elder is speaking Ojibwe, his first language, in an interview for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. Mr. Dick states: Don't ever make fun of anybody - don't - and don't ever forget anybody.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Type:
Moving Image
Format:
Oral histories

495. Waasa Inaabidaa: We Look In All Directions, Interview with Jim Clark, Hinckley, Minnesota

Creator:
Clark, Jim, 1918-2008
Date Created:
1999-03
Description:
Mille Lacs Ojibwe elder Naawigiizis (Jim Clark) is speaking Ojibwe, his first language, in an interview for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. He worked for Fairview Hospital in Minneapolis from 1953, in purchasing and into a warehouse firm distributing to hospitals. Mr. Clark states about the Spirit: I wonder if he will listen to us when we are speaking a different language, when we use the white man's language.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Type:
Moving Image
Format:
Oral histories

496. Waasa Inaabidaa: We Look In All Directions, Interview with Eddie Benton-Benai, Hayward, Wisconsin

Creator:
Benton-Benai, Eddie
Date Created:
1999-03-05
Description:
Bawdwaywidun (Eddie Benton-Benai) was active in the American Indian Movement (AIM), is a member of the Midewiwin Lodge, Lac Courte Oreilles Ojibwe elder, speaking Ojibwe, his first language, in an interview for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. He speaks about his birth, name, and family but also history and culture.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Type:
Moving Image
Format:
Oral histories

497. Waasa Inaabidaa: We Look In All Directions, Interview with Eddie Benton-Benai (part 2 of 2), Hayward, Wisconsin

Creator:
Benton-Benai, Eddie
Date Created:
1999-03-05
Description:
Bawdwaywidun (Eddie Benton-Benai) was active in the American Indian Movement (AIM), is a member of the Midewiwin Lodge, Lac Courte Oreilles Ojibwe elder, speaking Ojibwe, his first language, in an interview for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Type:
Moving Image
Format:
Oral histories

498. Waasa Inaabidaa: We Look In All Directions, Interview with Eddie Benton-Benai (part 1 of 2), Hayward, Wisconsin

Creator:
Benton-Benai, Eddie
Date Created:
1999-03-05
Description:
Bawdwaywidun (Eddie Benton-Benai) was active in the American Indian Movement (AIM), is a member of the Midewiwin Lodge, Lac Courte Oreilles Ojibwe elder, speaking Ojibwe, his first language, in an interview for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Type:
Moving Image
Format:
Oral histories

499. Waasa Inaabidaa: We Look In All Directions, Interview with Marlene Stately, Hinckley, Minnesota

Creator:
Stately, Marlene Robinson, 1941-
Date Created:
1999-03-12
Description:
Enrolled Leech Lake elder Anangookwe (Marlene Stately) is speaking Ojibwe, her first language (transcribed by Nancy Jones), in an interview for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. She has worked at the Arrowhead Community College, teaching Ojibwe language and at Niigane Immersion Schoo, and Bug O Nay Ge Shing School. She states, "Our children come first, so that they can listen to the way we speak."
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Type:
Moving Image
Format:
Oral histories

500. Waasa Inaabidaa: We Look In All Directions, Interview with Raining Boyd, Mille Lacs, Minnesota

Creator:
Boyd, Raining, 1921-2009
Date Created:
1999-03-15
Description:
Gi Mi Wun (Raining Boyd), army veteran, truck driver retiring in 1978, singer and member of the drum society and Mille Lacs Ojibwe elder is speaking Ojibwe, his first language, in an interview for a television documentary on the history and culture of Lake Superior Anishinaabe. Mr. Boyd states: As an Indian being helped from the spirits, there is an the understanding of what is being talked about by the Indian.
Contributing Institution:
University of Minnesota Duluth Kathryn A. Martin Library, University Archives
Type:
Moving Image
Format:
Oral histories
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